Types of Display Defects
Dead pixels are pixels that remain permanently off (appear black on a white background). Stuck pixels are fixed on one color — they show as bright dots on a dark background. Hot pixels only appear after prolonged use when the display heats up. Backlight bleed appears as uneven brightness or light leaking around the edges of LCD panels, most visible on a black screen in a dark room.
LCD vs. OLED Displays
LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) panels use a backlight behind liquid crystal layers. They can suffer from backlight bleed and limited contrast ratios. OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) panels have self-emitting pixels — each pixel produces its own light. This means true blacks (pixel is completely off), infinite contrast ratio, and no backlight bleed. However, OLED can develop burn-in from static images displayed for long periods.
Color Accuracy & Calibration
The pure red, green, and blue test colors help verify that your display's sub-pixels are working correctly. Each pixel on your screen is made up of three sub-pixels (R, G, B) that combine at various intensities to create all visible colors. Professional displays cover wider color gamuts like sRGB (99%), DCI-P3 (used in video production), and Adobe RGB (for print work).